How and why early modern European artisans began to record their knowledge. In From Lived Experience to the Written Word, Pamela H. Smith considers how and why, beginning in 1400 CE, European craftspeople began to write down their making practices. Rather than simply passing along knowledge in the workshop, these literate artisans chose to publish handbooks, guides, treatises, ...(展开全部)

How and why early modern European artisans began to record their knowledge. In From Lived Experience to the Written Word, Pamela H. Smith considers how and why, beginning in 1400 CE, European craftspeople began to write down their making practices. Rather than simply passing along knowledge in the workshop, these literate artisans chose to publish handbooks, guides, treatises, ...(展开全部)

Empires of Knowledge charts the emergence of different kinds of scientific networks - local and long-distance, informal and institutional, religious and secular - between the fifteenth and the eighteenth centuries as one of the important phenomena of the early modern world. It seeks to answer what role these networks played in making knowledge, how information traveled, how was...(展开全部)

In Early Modern Europe the first readers of a book were not those who bought it. They were the scribes who copied the author’s or translator’s manuscript, the censors who licensed it, the publisher who decided to put this title in his catalogue, the copy editor who prepared the text for the press, divided it and added punctuation, the typesetters who composed the pages of the b...(展开全部)

In Early Modern Europe the first readers of a book were not those who bought it. They were the scribes who copied the author’s or translator’s manuscript, the censors who licensed it, the publisher who decided to put this title in his catalogue, the copy editor who prepared the text for the press, divided it and added punctuation, the typesetters who composed the pages of the b...(展开全部)

保罗·约翰逊，英国著名历史学家。他是我们这个时代最著名的历史学者之一，入选美国《时代》杂志2000年一百大人物。1928年出生于英国兰开夏，牛津大学麦格德林学院毕业。他曾是一名激进的左翼人士，任《新政治家》编辑，但后来在撒切尔夫人的影响下思想右转，并成为支持英国政治保守主义的著名知识分子代表。 主要论著:他撰写了一大批具有里程碑意义的历史著作，涵盖历史、哲学及宗教等领域。包括《论知识分子》、《犹太人史》、《当代》、《美国人民史》、《英国人民史》、《艺术：一段新历史》等。他定期为全球最著名的报纸及杂志写稿，包括英国《每日电讯报》、《纽约时报》、《华尔街日报》，现为《观察家报》、《每日邮报》的专栏作家。

Between the early seventeenth and the mid-nineteenth century, the field of natural history in Japan separated itself from the discipline of medicine, produced knowledge that questioned the traditional religious and philosophical understandings of the world, developed into a system (called honzogaku) that rivaled Western science in complexity—and then seemingly disappeared. Or d...(展开全部)

Between the early seventeenth and the mid-nineteenth century, the field of natural history in Japan separated itself from the discipline of medicine, produced knowledge that questioned the traditional religious and philosophical understandings of the world, developed into a system (called honzogaku) that rivaled Western science in complexity—and then seemingly disappeared. Or d...(展开全部)

Between the early seventeenth and the mid-nineteenth century, the field of natural history in Japan separated itself from the discipline of medicine, produced knowledge that questioned the traditional religious and philosophical understandings of the world, developed into a system (called honzogaku) that rivaled Western science in complexity—and then seemingly disappeared. Or d...(展开全部)

What can the great crises of the past teach us about contemporary revolutions? Arguing from an exciting and original perspective, Goldstone suggests that great revolutions were the product of 'ecological crises' that occurred when inflexible political, economic, and social institutions were overwhelmed by the cumulative pressure of population growth on limited available resourc...(展开全部)